Tamarack, also known as hackmatack, American larch, Eastern larch and black or red larch, is unique because it is a deciduous conifer that sheds its needles each fall. In summer it has soft green needles, which turn golden yellow in autumn before dropping. This seasonal change makes tamarack a striking feature of forests and wetlands.
Quick Facts
Height: approximately 50 feet in urban settings
Spread: approximately 20 feet in urban settings
Form: straight trunk with open, narrow, conical crown
Leaves: simple, bright green, flat, soft needles in dense clusters (appear in spirals) along branches; emerge in spring; golden yellow to orange in fall
Bark: smooth, light brown when young; rough, scaly, greyish-brown to reddish-brown when mature
Cones: small, light brown, oblong cones with rounded scales; emerge in late spring, mature in late summer/early fall and persist throughout the winter
Distinguishing Feature
Tamarack is the only native deciduous conifer in Ontario, recognized by its soft needles that change color and drop in fall.
Historical Fact
The tamarack was named the official territorial tree of the Northwest Territories in 1999.
Why We Love It
Tamarack thrives in wet soils where many other trees struggle, making it an important species in wetlands. Its seasonal needle drop creates striking beauty, and its cones and seeds provide food for small mammals and birds.
Did You Know?
· Tamarack can withstand extremely cold temperatures and grows as far north as the tree line in Canada. · The common name tamarack or hackmatack is believed to be derived from an Algonquian word, possibly referring to wood traditionally used for snowshoes.
· Because it sheds its needles, tamarack forests look bare in winter but burst back into lush green in spring.
Plant Your Own!
Planting a tamarack in your yard is a wonderful way to enhance the beauty of your property. Plant for Less with LEAF’s subsidized Backyard Tree Planting Program today!
LEAF (Local Enhancement and Appreciation of Forests) is a not-for-profit organization dedicated to the protection and improvement of urban forests. We envision vibrant communities where everyone benefits from a healthy urban forest. For over 30 years we have been connecting people with trees through education, planting and stewardship.
