(Quercus macrocarpa)
Bur oak is a stately native tree known for its deeply lobed leaves, thick corky bark and impressive size. It provides valuable food and shelter for wildlife and makes a bold addition to large urban yards and naturalized landscapes.
Quick Facts
Height: approximately 50 feet in urban settings
Spread: approximately 35 feet in urban settings
Form: broad, rounded crown with open, spreading branches
Leaves: simple, dark green above and pale, fuzzy green below, irregularly rounded lobes with two deep lobes in the middle nearly dividing the leaf in half; yellow to bronze in fall
Bark: light grey-brown when young; rough, furrowed, corky twigs, dark grey-brown when mature
Flowers: small, yellowish-green, slender, drooping male catkins and single, greenish-red, short female spikes; emerge in spring just after the leaves
Fruit: large, green to brown, oval acorns with fringed, furry caps; mature in late summer/early fall
Distinguishing Feature
Bur oak is known for its oversized acorns, each with a distinctive fringed cap that covers much of the nut, giving it a bur-like appearance.
Historical Fact
Some bur oaks in Ontario are believed to be more than 300 years old. These trees have witnessed generations of change and remain important landmarks in many communities.
Why We Love It
Bur oak is one of the most resilient native oaks. Its thick bark makes it highly resistant to fire and drought, and it tolerates a wide range of soil conditions, including clay and compacted urban soils. With its impressive size, unique leaves and distinctive acorns, it brings strong character to any landscape. It also supports many native insects, birds and mammals, making it an excellent tree for boosting biodiversity.
Did You Know?
- Bur oak is one of the most drought-tolerant oak species in North America, thanks in part to its deep taproot.
- Bur oak wood is strong and durable, making it a traditional choice for barrels, furniture and flooring.
- The name "macrocarpa" means "large fruit" in Latin and refers to its oversized acorns.
Plant Your Own!
Planting a bur oak in your yard is a wonderful way to enhance the beauty of your property. Plant for Less with LEAF’s subsidized Backyard Tree Planting Program today!
LEAF (Local Enhancement and Appreciation of Forests) is a not-for-profit organization dedicated to the protection and improvement of urban forests. We envision vibrant communities where everyone benefits from a healthy urban forest. For over 30 years we have been connecting people with trees through education, planting and stewardship.
